/*
    * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
    * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
    * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
    * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
    * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
    * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
    *
    *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
   *
   * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
   * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
   * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
   * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
   * limitations under the License.
   */
  package org.apache.juneau.serializer;
  
  import static org.apache.juneau.commons.utils.AssertionUtils.*;
  import static org.apache.juneau.commons.utils.IoUtils.*;
  import static org.apache.juneau.commons.utils.ThrowableUtils.*;
  import static org.apache.juneau.commons.utils.Utils.*;
  
  import java.lang.annotation.*;
  import java.nio.charset.*;
  import java.util.*;
  
  import org.apache.juneau.*;
  import org.apache.juneau.commons.collections.*;
  import org.apache.juneau.commons.function.*;
  import org.apache.juneau.commons.reflect.*;
  import org.apache.juneau.json.*;
  
  /**
   * Subclass of {@link Serializer} for character-based serializers.
   *
   * <h5 class='section'>Notes:</h5><ul>
   * 	<li class='note'>This class is thread safe and reusable.
   * </ul>
   *
   * <h5 class='section'>See Also:</h5><ul>
   * 	<li class='link'><a class="doclink" href="https://juneau.apache.org/docs/topics/SerializersAndParsers">Serializers and Parsers</a>
   * </ul>
   */
  public class WriterSerializer extends Serializer {
  	/**
  	 * Builder class.
  	 */
  	public static class Builder extends Serializer.Builder {
  
  		private boolean useWhitespace;
  		private Character quoteChar;
  		private Character quoteCharOverride;
  		private Charset fileCharset;
  		private Charset streamCharset;
  		private int maxIndent;
  
  		/**
  		 * Constructor, default settings.
  		 */
  		protected Builder() {
  			fileCharset = Charset.defaultCharset();
  			streamCharset = UTF8;
  			maxIndent = env("WriterSerializer.maxIndent", 100);
  			quoteChar = env("WriterSerializer.quoteChar").map(x -> (x.length() > 0 ? x.charAt(0) : null)).orElse(null);
  			quoteCharOverride = env("WriterSerializer.quoteCharOverride").map(x -> (x.length() > 0 ? x.charAt(0) : null)).orElse(null);
  			useWhitespace = env("WriterSerializer.useWhitespace", false);
  		}
  
  		/**
  		 * Copy constructor.
  		 *
  		 * @param copyFrom The builder to copy from.
  		 * 	<br>Cannot be <jk>null</jk>.
  		 */
  		protected Builder(Builder copyFrom) {
  			super(assertArgNotNull("copyFrom", copyFrom));
  			fileCharset = copyFrom.fileCharset;
  			streamCharset = copyFrom.streamCharset;
  			maxIndent = copyFrom.maxIndent;
  			quoteChar = copyFrom.quoteChar;
  			quoteCharOverride = copyFrom.quoteCharOverride;
  			useWhitespace = copyFrom.useWhitespace;
  		}
  
  		/**
  		 * Copy constructor.
  		 *
  		 * @param copyFrom The bean to copy from.
  		 * 	<br>Cannot be <jk>null</jk>.
  		 */
  		protected Builder(WriterSerializer copyFrom) {
  			super(assertArgNotNull("copyFrom", copyFrom));
  			fileCharset = copyFrom.getFileCharset();
  			streamCharset = copyFrom.getStreamCharset();
  			maxIndent = copyFrom.maxIndent;
  			quoteChar = copyFrom.quoteChar;
  			quoteCharOverride = copyFrom.quoteCharOverride;
  			useWhitespace = copyFrom.useWhitespace;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder accept(String value) {
 			super.accept(value);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder addBeanTypes() {
 			super.addBeanTypes();
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder addBeanTypes(boolean value) {
 			super.addBeanTypes(value);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder addRootType() {
 			super.addRootType();
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder addRootType(boolean value) {
 			super.addRootType(value);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder annotations(Annotation...values) {
 			super.annotations(values);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder apply(AnnotationWorkList work) {
 			super.apply(work);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder applyAnnotations(Class<?>...from) {
 			super.applyAnnotations(from);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder applyAnnotations(Object...from) {
 			super.applyAnnotations(from);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder beanClassVisibility(Visibility value) {
 			super.beanClassVisibility(value);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder beanConstructorVisibility(Visibility value) {
 			super.beanConstructorVisibility(value);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder beanContext(BeanContext value) {
 			super.beanContext(value);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder beanContext(BeanContext.Builder value) {
 			super.beanContext(value);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder beanDictionary(java.lang.Class<?>...values) {
 			super.beanDictionary(values);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder beanFieldVisibility(Visibility value) {
 			super.beanFieldVisibility(value);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder beanInterceptor(Class<?> on, Class<? extends org.apache.juneau.swap.BeanInterceptor<?>> value) {
 			super.beanInterceptor(on, value);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder beanMapPutReturnsOldValue() {
 			super.beanMapPutReturnsOldValue();
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder beanMethodVisibility(Visibility value) {
 			super.beanMethodVisibility(value);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder beanProperties(Class<?> beanClass, String properties) {
 			super.beanProperties(beanClass, properties);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder beanProperties(Map<String,Object> values) {
 			super.beanProperties(values);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder beanProperties(String beanClassName, String properties) {
 			super.beanProperties(beanClassName, properties);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder beanPropertiesExcludes(Class<?> beanClass, String properties) {
 			super.beanPropertiesExcludes(beanClass, properties);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder beanPropertiesExcludes(Map<String,Object> values) {
 			super.beanPropertiesExcludes(values);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder beanPropertiesExcludes(String beanClassName, String properties) {
 			super.beanPropertiesExcludes(beanClassName, properties);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder beanPropertiesReadOnly(Class<?> beanClass, String properties) {
 			super.beanPropertiesReadOnly(beanClass, properties);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder beanPropertiesReadOnly(Map<String,Object> values) {
 			super.beanPropertiesReadOnly(values);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder beanPropertiesReadOnly(String beanClassName, String properties) {
 			super.beanPropertiesReadOnly(beanClassName, properties);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder beanPropertiesWriteOnly(Class<?> beanClass, String properties) {
 			super.beanPropertiesWriteOnly(beanClass, properties);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder beanPropertiesWriteOnly(Map<String,Object> values) {
 			super.beanPropertiesWriteOnly(values);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder beanPropertiesWriteOnly(String beanClassName, String properties) {
 			super.beanPropertiesWriteOnly(beanClassName, properties);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder beansRequireDefaultConstructor() {
 			super.beansRequireDefaultConstructor();
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder beansRequireSerializable() {
 			super.beansRequireSerializable();
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder beansRequireSettersForGetters() {
 			super.beansRequireSettersForGetters();
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Context.Builder */
 		public WriterSerializer build() {
 			return build(WriterSerializer.class);
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder cache(Cache<HashKey,? extends org.apache.juneau.Context> value) {
 			super.cache(value);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Context.Builder */
 		public Builder copy() {
 			return new Builder(this);
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder debug() {
 			super.debug();
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder debug(boolean value) {
 			super.debug(value);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder detectRecursions() {
 			super.detectRecursions();
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder detectRecursions(boolean value) {
 			super.detectRecursions(value);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder dictionaryOn(Class<?> on, java.lang.Class<?>...values) {
 			super.dictionaryOn(on, values);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder disableBeansRequireSomeProperties() {
 			super.disableBeansRequireSomeProperties();
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder disableIgnoreMissingSetters() {
 			super.disableIgnoreMissingSetters();
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder disableIgnoreTransientFields() {
 			super.disableIgnoreTransientFields();
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder disableIgnoreUnknownNullBeanProperties() {
 			super.disableIgnoreUnknownNullBeanProperties();
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder disableInterfaceProxies() {
 			super.disableInterfaceProxies();
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public <T> Builder example(Class<T> pojoClass, String json) {
 			super.example(pojoClass, json);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public <T> Builder example(Class<T> pojoClass, T o) {
 			super.example(pojoClass, o);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		/**
 		 * File charset.
 		 *
 		 * <p>
 		 * The character set to use for writing <c>Files</c> to the file system.
 		 *
 		 * <p>
 		 * Used when passing in files to {@link Serializer#serialize(Object, Object)}.
 		 *
 		 * <h5 class='section'>Example:</h5>
 		 * <p class='bjava'>
 		 * 	<jc>// Create a serializer that writes UTF-8 files.</jc>
 		 * 	WriterSerializer <jv>serializer</jv> = JsonSerializer
 		 * 		.<jsm>create</jsm>()
 		 * 		.fileCharset(Charset.<jsm>forName</jsm>(<js>"UTF-8"</js>))
 		 * 		.build();
 		 *
 		 * 	<jc>// Use it to read a UTF-8 encoded file.</jc>
 		 * 	<jv>serializer</jv>.serialize(<jk>new</jk> File(<js>"MyBean.txt"</js>), <jv>myBean</jv>);
 		 * </p>
 		 *
 		 * @param value
 		 * 	The new value for this property.
 		 * 	<br>The default is the system JVM setting.
 		 * 	<br>Can be <jk>null</jk> (defaults to system default).
 		 * @return This object.
 		 */
 		public Builder fileCharset(Charset value) {
 			fileCharset = value;
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder findFluentSetters() {
 			super.findFluentSetters();
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder findFluentSetters(Class<?> on) {
 			super.findFluentSetters(on);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Context.Builder */
 		public HashKey hashKey() {
 			// @formatter:off
 			return HashKey.of(
 				super.hashKey(),
 				fileCharset,
 				streamCharset,
 				maxIndent,
 				quoteChar,
 				quoteCharOverride,
 				useWhitespace
 			);
 			// @formatter:on
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder ignoreInvocationExceptionsOnGetters() {
 			super.ignoreInvocationExceptionsOnGetters();
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder ignoreInvocationExceptionsOnSetters() {
 			super.ignoreInvocationExceptionsOnSetters();
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder ignoreRecursions() {
 			super.ignoreRecursions();
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder ignoreRecursions(boolean value) {
 			super.ignoreRecursions(value);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder ignoreUnknownBeanProperties() {
 			super.ignoreUnknownBeanProperties();
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder ignoreUnknownEnumValues() {
 			super.ignoreUnknownEnumValues();
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder impl(Context value) {
 			super.impl(value);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder implClass(Class<?> interfaceClass, Class<?> implClass) {
 			super.implClass(interfaceClass, implClass);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder implClasses(Map<Class<?>,Class<?>> values) {
 			super.implClasses(values);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder initialDepth(int value) {
 			super.initialDepth(value);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder interfaceClass(Class<?> on, Class<?> value) {
 			super.interfaceClass(on, value);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder interfaces(java.lang.Class<?>...value) {
 			super.interfaces(value);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder keepNullProperties() {
 			super.keepNullProperties();
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder keepNullProperties(boolean value) {
 			super.keepNullProperties(value);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder listener(Class<? extends org.apache.juneau.serializer.SerializerListener> value) {
 			super.listener(value);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder locale(Locale value) {
 			super.locale(value);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder maxDepth(int value) {
 			super.maxDepth(value);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		/**
 		 * Maximum indentation.
 		 *
 		 * <p>
 		 * Specifies the maximum indentation level in the serialized document.
 		 *
 		 * <h5 class='section'>Notes:</h5><ul>
 		 * 	<li class='note'>This setting does not apply to the RDF serializers.
 		 * </ul>
 		 *
 		 * <h5 class='section'>Example:</h5>
 		 * <p class='bjava'>
 		 * 	<jc>// Create a serializer that indents a maximum of 20 tabs.</jc>
 		 * 	WriterSerializer <jv>serializer</jv> = JsonSerializer
 		 * 		.<jsm>create</jsm>()
 		 * 		.ws()  <jc>// Enable whitespace</jc>
 		 * 		.maxIndent(20)
 		 * 		.build();
 		 * </p>
 		 *
 		 * @param value
 		 * 	The new value for this property.
 		 * 	<br>The default is <c>100</c>.
 		 * @return This object.
 		 */
 		public Builder maxIndent(int value) {
 			maxIndent = value;
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder mediaType(MediaType value) {
 			super.mediaType(value);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder notBeanClasses(java.lang.Class<?>...values) {
 			super.notBeanClasses(values);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder notBeanPackages(String...values) {
 			super.notBeanPackages(values);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder produces(String value) {
 			super.produces(value);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder propertyNamer(Class<?> on, Class<? extends org.apache.juneau.PropertyNamer> value) {
 			super.propertyNamer(on, value);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder propertyNamer(Class<? extends org.apache.juneau.PropertyNamer> value) {
 			super.propertyNamer(value);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		/**
 		 *  Quote character.
 		 *
 		 * <p>
 		 * Specifies the character to use for quoting attributes and values.
 		 *
 		 * <h5 class='section'>Notes:</h5><ul>
 		 * 	<li class='note'>This setting does not apply to the RDF serializers.
 		 * </ul>
 		 *
 		 * <h5 class='section'>Example:</h5>
 		 * <p class='bjava'>
 		 * 	<jc>// Create a serializer that uses single quotes.</jc>
 		 * 	WriterSerializer <jv>serializer</jv> = JsonSerializer
 		 * 		.<jsm>create</jsm>()
 		 * 		.quoteChar(<js>'\''</js>)
 		 * 		.build();
 		 *
 		 * 	<jc>// A bean with a single property</jc>
 		 * 	<jk>public class</jk> MyBean {
 		 * 		<jk>public</jk> String <jf>foo</jf> = <js>"bar"</js>;
 		 * 	}
 		 *
 		 * 	<jc>// Produces {'foo':'bar'}</jc>
 		 * 	String <jv>json</jv> = <jv>serializer</jv>.toString(<jk>new</jk> MyBean());
 		 * </p>
 		 *
 		 * @param value
 		 * 	The new value for this property.
 		 * 	<br>The default is <js>'"'</js>.
 		 * @return This object.
 		 */
 		public Builder quoteChar(char value) {
 			quoteChar = value;
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		/**
 		 * Quote character override.
 		 *
 		 * <p>
 		 * Similar to {@link #quoteChar(char)} but takes precedence over that setting.
 		 *
 		 * <p>
 		 * Allows you to override the quote character even if it's set by a subclass such as {@link Json5Serializer}.
 		 *
 		 *
 		 * @param value
 		 * 	The new value for this property.
 		 * 	<br>The default is <jk>null</jk>.
 		 * @return This object.
 		 */
 		public Builder quoteCharOverride(char value) {
 			quoteCharOverride = value;
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder sortCollections() {
 			super.sortCollections();
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder sortCollections(boolean value) {
 			super.sortCollections(value);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder sortMaps() {
 			super.sortMaps();
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder sortMaps(boolean value) {
 			super.sortMaps(value);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder sortProperties() {
 			super.sortProperties();
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder sortProperties(java.lang.Class<?>...on) {
 			super.sortProperties(on);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		/**
 		 *  Quote character.
 		 *
 		 * <p>
 		 * Specifies to use single quotes for quoting attributes and values.
 		 *
 		 * <h5 class='section'>Notes:</h5><ul>
 		 * 	<li class='note'>This setting does not apply to the RDF serializers.
 		 * </ul>
 		 *
 		 * <h5 class='section'>Example:</h5>
 		 * <p class='bjava'>
 		 * 	<jc>// Create a serializer that uses single quotes.</jc>
 		 * 	WriterSerializer <jv>serializer</jv> = JsonSerializer
 		 * 		.<jsm>create</jsm>()
 		 * 		.sq()
 		 * 		.build();
 		 *
 		 * 	<jc>// A bean with a single property</jc>
 		 * 	<jk>public class</jk> MyBean {
 		 * 		<jk>public</jk> String <jf>foo</jf> = <js>"bar"</js>;
 		 * 	}
 		 *
 		 * 	<jc>// Produces {'foo':'bar'}</jc>
 		 * 	String <jv>json</jv> = <jv>serializer</jv>.toString(<jk>new</jk> MyBean());
 		 * </p>
 		 *
 		 * @return This object.
 		 */
 		public Builder sq() {
 			return quoteChar('\'');
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder stopClass(Class<?> on, Class<?> value) {
 			super.stopClass(on, value);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		/**
 		 * Output stream charset.
 		 *
 		 * <p>
 		 * The character set to use when writing to <c>OutputStreams</c>.
 		 *
 		 * <p>
 		 * Used when passing in output streams and byte arrays to {@link WriterSerializer#serialize(Object, Object)}.
 		 *
 		 * <h5 class='section'>Example:</h5>
 		 * <p class='bjava'>
 		 * 	<jc>// Create a serializer that writes UTF-8 files.</jc>
 		 * 	WriterSerializer <jv>serializer</jv> = JsonSerializer
 		 * 		.<jsm>create</jsm>()
 		 * 		.streamCharset(Charset.<jsm>forName</jsm>(<js>"UTF-8"</js>))
 		 * 		.build();
 		 *
 		 * 	<jc>// Use it to write to a UTF-8 encoded output stream.</jc>
 		 * 	<jv>serializer</jv>.serializer(<jk>new</jk> FileOutputStreamStream(<js>"MyBean.txt"</js>), <jv>myBean</jv>);
 		 * </p>
 		 *
 		 * @param value
 		 * 	The new value for this property.
 		 * 	<br>The default is the system JVM setting.
 		 * 	<br>Can be <jk>null</jk> (defaults to UTF-8).
 		 * @return This object.
 		 */
 		public Builder streamCharset(Charset value) {
 			streamCharset = value;
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public <T,S> Builder swap(Class<T> normalClass, Class<S> swappedClass, ThrowingFunction<T,S> swapFunction) {
 			super.swap(normalClass, swappedClass, swapFunction);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public <T,S> Builder swap(Class<T> normalClass, Class<S> swappedClass, ThrowingFunction<T,S> swapFunction, ThrowingFunction<S,T> unswapFunction) {
 			super.swap(normalClass, swappedClass, swapFunction, unswapFunction);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder swaps(Class<?>...values) {
 			super.swaps(values);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder swaps(Object...values) {
 			super.swaps(values);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder timeZone(TimeZone value) {
 			super.timeZone(value);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder trimEmptyCollections() {
 			super.trimEmptyCollections();
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder trimEmptyCollections(boolean value) {
 			super.trimEmptyCollections(value);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder trimEmptyMaps() {
 			super.trimEmptyMaps();
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder trimEmptyMaps(boolean value) {
 			super.trimEmptyMaps(value);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder trimStrings() {
 			super.trimStrings();
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder trimStrings(boolean value) {
 			super.trimStrings(value);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder type(Class<? extends org.apache.juneau.Context> value) {
 			super.type(value);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder typeName(Class<?> on, String value) {
 			super.typeName(on, value);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder typePropertyName(Class<?> on, String value) {
 			super.typePropertyName(on, value);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder typePropertyName(String value) {
 			super.typePropertyName(value);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder uriContext(UriContext value) {
 			super.uriContext(value);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder uriRelativity(UriRelativity value) {
 			super.uriRelativity(value);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder uriResolution(UriResolution value) {
 			super.uriResolution(value);
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder useEnumNames() {
 			super.useEnumNames();
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		@Override /* Overridden from Builder */
 		public Builder useJavaBeanIntrospector() {
 			super.useJavaBeanIntrospector();
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		/**
 		 *  Use whitespace.
 		 *
 		 * <p>
 		 * When enabled, whitespace is added to the output to improve readability.
 		 *
 		 * <h5 class='section'>Example:</h5>
 		 * <p class='bjava'>
 		 * 	<jc>// Create a serializer with whitespace enabled.</jc>
 		 * 	WriterSerializer <jv>serializer</jv> = JsonSerializer
 		 * 		.<jsm>create</jsm>()
 		 * 		.useWhitespace()
 		 * 		.build();
 		 *
 		 * 	<jc>// A bean with a single property</jc>
 		 * 	<jk>public class</jk> MyBean {
 		 * 		<jk>public</jk> String <jf>foo</jf> = <js>"bar"</js>;
 		 * 	}
 		 *
 		 * 	<jc>// Produces "\{\n\t"foo": "bar"\n\}\n"</jc>
 		 * 	String <jv>json</jv> = <jv>serializer</jv>.serialize(<jk>new</jk> MyBean());
 		 * </p>
 		 *
 		 * @return This object.
 		 */
 		public Builder useWhitespace() {
 			return useWhitespace(true);
 		}
 
 		/**
 		 * Same as {@link #useWhitespace()} but allows you to explicitly specify the value.
 		 *
 		 * @param value The value for this setting.
 		 * @return This object.
 		 */
 		public Builder useWhitespace(boolean value) {
 			useWhitespace = value;
 			return this;
 		}
 
 		/**
 		 *  Use whitespace.
 		 *
 		 * <p>
 		 * When enabled, whitespace is added to the output to improve readability.
 		 *
 		 * <h5 class='section'>Example:</h5>
 		 * <p class='bjava'>
 		 * 	<jc>// Create a serializer with whitespace enabled.</jc>
 		 * 	WriterSerializer <jv>serializer</jv> = JsonSerializer
 		 * 		.<jsm>create</jsm>()
 		 * 		.ws()
 		 * 		.build();
 		 *
 		 * 	<jc>// A bean with a single property</jc>
 		 * 	<jk>public class</jk> MyBean {
 		 * 		<jk>public</jk> String <jf>foo</jf> = <js>"bar"</js>;
 		 * 	}
 		 *
 		 * 	<jc>// Produces "\{\n\t"foo": "bar"\n\}\n"</jc>
 		 * 	String <jv>json</jv> = <jv>serializer</jv>.serialize(<jk>new</jk> MyBean());
 		 * </p>
 		 *
 		 * @return This object.
 		 */
 		public Serializer.Builder ws() {
 			return useWhitespace();
 		}
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Creates a new builder for this object.
 	 *
 	 * @return A new builder.
 	 */
 	public static Builder create() {
 		return new Builder();
 	}
 
 	protected final boolean useWhitespace;
 	protected final Character quoteChar;
 	protected final Character quoteCharOverride;
 	private final Charset fileCharset;
 	private final Charset streamCharset;
 	protected final int maxIndent;
 
 	private final char quoteCharValue;
 
 	/**
 	 * Constructor.
 	 *
 	 * @param builder
 	 * 	The builder for this object.
 	 */
 	protected WriterSerializer(Builder builder) {
 		super(builder);
 
 		fileCharset = builder.fileCharset;
 		maxIndent = builder.maxIndent;
 		quoteChar = builder.quoteChar;
 		quoteCharOverride = builder.quoteCharOverride;
 		streamCharset = builder.streamCharset;
 		useWhitespace = builder.useWhitespace;
 
 		quoteCharValue = nn(quoteCharOverride) ? quoteCharOverride : nn(quoteChar) ? quoteChar : '"';
 	}
 
 	@Override /* Overridden from Context */
 	public Builder copy() {
 		return new Builder(this);
 	}
 
 	@Override /* Overridden from Context */
 	public WriterSerializerSession.Builder createSession() {
 		return WriterSerializerSession.create(this);
 	}
 
 	@Override /* Overridden from Context */
 	public WriterSerializerSession getSession() { return createSession().build(); }
 
 	@Override /* Overridden from Serializer */
 	public final boolean isWriterSerializer() { return true; }
 
 	/**
 	 * Convenience method for serializing an object and sending it to STDOUT.
 	 *
 	 * @param o The object to serialize.
 	 * @return This object.
 	 */
 	public final WriterSerializer println(Object o) {
 		System.out.println(toString(o));  // NOT DEBUG
 		return this;
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Convenience method for serializing an object to a <c>String</c>.
 	 *
 	 * @param o The object to serialize.
 	 * @return The output serialized to a string.
 	 * @throws SerializeException If a problem occurred trying to convert the output.
 	 */
 	@Override /* Overridden from Serializer */
 	public final String serialize(Object o) throws SerializeException {
 		return getSession().serialize(o);
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Identical to {@link #serialize(Object)} except throws a {@link RuntimeException} instead of a {@link SerializeException}.
 	 *
 	 * <p>
 	 * This is typically good enough for debugging purposes.
 	 *
 	 * @param o The object to serialize.
 	 * @return The serialized object.
 	 */
 	public final String toString(Object o) {
 		try {
 			return serialize(o);
 		} catch (Exception e) {
 			throw toRex(e);
 		}
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * File charset.
 	 *
 	 * @see Builder#fileCharset(Charset)
 	 * @return
 	 * 	The character set to use when writing to <c>Files</c> on the file system.
 	 */
 	protected final Charset getFileCharset() { return fileCharset; }
 
 	/**
 	 * Maximum indentation.
 	 *
 	 * @see Builder#maxIndent(int)
 	 * @return
 	 * 	The maximum indentation level in the serialized document.
 	 */
 	protected final int getMaxIndent() { return maxIndent; }
 
 	/**
 	 * Quote character.
 	 *
 	 * @see Builder#quoteChar(char)
 	 * @return
 	 * 	The character used for quoting attributes and values.
 	 */
 	protected char getQuoteChar() { return quoteCharValue; }
 
 	/**
 	 * Output stream charset.
 	 *
 	 * @see Builder#streamCharset(Charset)
 	 * @return
 	 * 	The character set to use when writing to <c>OutputStreams</c> and byte arrays.
 	 */
 	protected final Charset getStreamCharset() { return streamCharset; }
 
 	/**
 	 * Trim strings.
 	 *
 	 * @see Builder#useWhitespace()
 	 * @return
 	 * 	When enabled, whitespace is added to the output to improve readability.
 	 */
 	protected final boolean isUseWhitespace() { return useWhitespace; }
 
 	@Override /* Overridden from Serializer */
 	protected FluentMap<String,Object> properties() {
 		return super.properties()
 			.a("fileCharset", fileCharset)
 			.a("maxIndent", maxIndent)
 			.a("quoteChar", quoteChar)
 			.a("streamCharset", streamCharset)
 			.a("useWhitespace", useWhitespace);
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Quote character.
 	 *
 	 * @see Builder#quoteChar(char)
 	 * @return
 	 * 	The character used for quoting attributes and values.
 	 */
 	protected Character quoteChar() {
 		return nn(quoteCharOverride) ? quoteCharOverride : quoteChar;
 	}
 }