/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package org.apache.juneau.http.header;

import java.util.function.*;

import org.apache.juneau.http.annotation.*;

/**
 * Represents a parsed <l>Upgrade</l> HTTP request header.
 *
 * <p>
 * Ask the client to upgrade to another protocol.
 *
 * <h5 class='figure'>Example</h5>
 * <p class='bcode'>
 *    Upgrade: HTTP/2.0, HTTPS/1.3, IRC/6.9, RTA/x11, websocket
 * </p>
 *
 * <h5 class='topic'>RFC2616 Specification</h5>
 *
 * The Upgrade general-header allows the client to specify what additional communication protocols it supports and
 * would like to use if the server finds it appropriate to switch protocols.
 * The server MUST use the Upgrade header field within a 101 (Switching Protocols) response to indicate which
 * protocol(s) are being switched.
 *
 * <p class='bcode'>
 *    Upgrade        = "Upgrade" ":" 1#product
 * </p>
 *
 * <p>
 * For example,
 * <p class='bcode'>
 *    Upgrade: HTTP/2.0, SHTTP/1.3, IRC/6.9, RTA/x11
 * </p>
 *
 * <p>
 * The Upgrade header field is intended to provide a simple mechanism for transition from HTTP/1.1 to some other,
 * incompatible protocol.
 * It does so by allowing the client to advertise its desire to use another protocol, such as a later version of HTTP
 * with a higher major version number, even though the current request has been made using HTTP/1.1.
 * This eases the difficult transition between incompatible protocols by allowing the client to initiate a request in
 * the more commonly supported protocol while indicating to the server that it would like to use a "better" protocol if
 * available (where "better" is determined by the server, possibly according to the nature of the method and/or resource
 * being requested).
 *
 * <p>
 * The Upgrade header field only applies to switching application-layer protocols upon the existing transport-layer
 * connection.
 * Upgrade cannot be used to insist on a protocol change; its acceptance and use by the server is optional.
 * The capabilities and nature of the application-layer communication after the protocol change is entirely dependent
 * upon the new protocol chosen, although the first action after changing the protocol MUST be a response to the initial
 * HTTP request containing the Upgrade header field.
 *
 * <p>
 * The Upgrade header field only applies to the immediate connection.
 * Therefore, the upgrade keyword MUST be supplied within a Connection header field (section 14.10) whenever Upgrade is
 * present in an HTTP/1.1 message.
 *
 * <p>
 * The Upgrade header field cannot be used to indicate a switch to a protocol on a different connection.
 * For that purpose, it is more appropriate to use a 301, 302, 303, or 305 redirection response.
 *
 * <p>
 * This specification only defines the protocol name "HTTP" for use by the family of Hypertext Transfer Protocols, as
 * defined by the HTTP version rules of section 3.1 and future updates to this specification.
 * Any token can be used as a protocol name; however, it will only be useful if both the client and server associate
 * the name with the same protocol.
 *
 * <h5 class='section'>See Also:</h5><ul>
 *    <li class='link'><a class="doclink" href="https://juneau.apache.org/docs/topics/JuneauRestCommonBasics">juneau-rest-common Basics</a>
 *    <li class='extlink'><a class="doclink" href="https://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616.html">Hypertext Transfer Protocol -- HTTP/1.1</a>
 * </ul>
 *
 * @serial exclude
 */
@Header("Upgrade")
public class Upgrade extends BasicCsvHeader {
   private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
   private static final String NAME = "Upgrade";

   /**
    * Static creator.
    *
    * @param value
    *    The header value.
    *    <br>Can be <jk>null</jk>.
    * @return A new header bean, or <jk>null</jk> if the value is <jk>null</jk>.
    */
   public static Upgrade of(String value) {
      return value == null ? null : new Upgrade(value);
   }

   /**
    * Static creator.
    *
    * @param value
    *    The header value.
    *    <br>Can be <jk>null</jk>.
    * @return A new header bean, or <jk>null</jk> if the value is <jk>null</jk>.
    */
   public static Upgrade of(String...value) {
      return value == null ? null : new Upgrade(value);
   }

   /**
    * Static creator with delayed value.
    *
    * <p>
    * Header value is re-evaluated on each call to {@link #getValue()}.
    *
    * @param value
    *    The supplier of the header value.
    *    <br>Can be <jk>null</jk>.
    * @return A new header bean, or <jk>null</jk> if the value is <jk>null</jk>.
    */
   public static Upgrade of(Supplier<String[]> value) {
      return value == null ? null : new Upgrade(value);
   }

   /**
    * Constructor.
    *
    * @param value
    *    The header value.
    *    <br>Can be <jk>null</jk>.
    */
   public Upgrade(String value) {
      super(NAME, value);
   }

   /**
    * Constructor.
    *
    * @param value
    *    The header value.
    *    <br>Can be <jk>null</jk>.
    */
   public Upgrade(String...value) {
      super(NAME, value);
   }

   /**
    * Constructor with delayed value.
    *
    * <p>
    * Header value is re-evaluated on each call to {@link #getValue()}.
    *
    * @param value
    *    The supplier of the header value.
    *    <br>Can be <jk>null</jk>.
    */
   public Upgrade(Supplier<String[]> value) {
      super(NAME, value);
   }
}